The working principle of CNC turning parts processing is to use the rotary motion of the workpiece and the linear or curvilinear motion of the tool to change the shape and size of the blank on the lathe, and process it to meet the requirements of the drawing.
CNC turning parts machining is a method of cutting workpieces on a lathe using the rotation of the workpiece relative to the tool. The cutting energy of turning is mainly provided by the workpiece rather than the tool. Turning is the most basic and common cutting method and plays a very important role in production. Turning is suitable for machining rotary surfaces. Most workpieces with rotary surfaces can be processed by turning methods, such as inner and outer cylindrical surfaces, inner and outer conical surfaces, end faces, grooves, threads, and rotary forming surfaces. The tools used are mainly turning tools.
In addition, the working characteristics of CNC turning parts processing have the following four points:
1. Turning is suitable for machining various internal and external rotating surfaces. The machining accuracy range of turning is IT13~IT6, and the surface roughness Ra value is 12.5~1.6.
2. The turning tool has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, and it is convenient to reasonably select the tool material and geometric angle according to the processing requirements. Turning knife sharpening and assembly and disassembly are also more convenient.
3. Turning has strong adaptability to the structure, material and production batch of the workpiece, and is widely used. In addition to turning all kinds of steel, cast iron and non-ferrous metals, it can also turn non-metals such as fiberglass, bakelite, nylon and so on. For some non-ferrous metals that are not suitable for grinding, diamond turning tools can be used for fine turning, which can obtain high machining accuracy and small surface roughness value.
4. Except for the uneven surface allowance of the blank, most turning is continuous cutting with equal cutting cross-section. Therefore, the cutting force changes little and the cutting process is stable, which is conducive to high-speed cutting and strong cutting, and CNC turning parts have high production efficiency.